Root architecture is the study of the structure and growth patterns of plant roots, including their length, distribution, diameter, and branching patterns. Researchers in this field aim to understand how root architecture influences a plant's ability to absorb nutrients and water from the soil, as well as its overall growth and development. By studying root architecture, scientists can identify ways to optimize root systems for better crop production, soil health, and environmental sustainability. Techniques such as imaging, modeling, and genetic manipulation are commonly used in root architecture research.